question on plating silver: how can I tell if the silver layer is too thin?

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  • #9691
    photolytic
    Participant

    http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Faradays_laws_of_electrolysis

    Faraday’s 2nd Law of Electrolysis – For a given quantity of electricity (electric charge), the mass of an elemental material altered at an electrode is directly proportional to the element’s equivalent weight. The equivalent weight of a substance is its molar mass divided by an integer that depends on the reaction undergone by the material.

    Mathematical form

    Faraday’s laws can be summarized by

    m = (Q)/F) x (M/z)

    where

    m is the mass of the metal deposited at an electrode

    Q is the total electric charge passed through the metal solution.

    F = 96,485 C mol-1 is the Faraday constant

    M is the molar mass of the metal which is 107.88 gm/mol for silver

    z is the valency number of ions of the metal ( 1 in the case of silver)

    Note that M / z is the same as the equivalent weight of the metal deposited.

    For Faraday’s second law, Q, F, and z are constants, so that the larger the value of M / z (equivalent weight) the larger m will be.

    In the simple case of constant-current electrolysis, Q (coulombs) = electric current in amps (coulombs/second) x time t (seconds)

    For a 4 x5 inch plate (area 129.032 cm2), a 10 micron (.001cm) layer of silver (10.49 gm/cc) weighs .000134535 grams.

    .000134535 grams of silver contains m / 107.88 or .00001254677 moles of silver

    which when multiplied by Faraday’s constant (96485 Coulombs/mole) will require 1.210575 coulombs of electircal charge.

    Assuming a reasonable plating time of 5 minutes or 300 seconds, a current of .00403525 amps or 4 milliamps will be required.

    Therefore you need to get yourself an accurate milliamp meter to monitor this current plus a DC rectifier or battery current source.

    #9693
    RonF
    Participant

    Thanks a lot, photolytic! My dad (an electrical engineer) had the same general idea. Now that you have done the math for me, this will be a lot easier.

    I am pleasantly surprised by how much effort modern daguerreotypists will put into helping one another. What a wonderful thing this forum is.

    I can’t wait until my plates arrive. I will be sure to keep you all in the loop. Hopefully my update will be on the topic of “my latest dag”.

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